Understanding Cuscos Cuisine
Influences and Ingredients
Cusco’s unique cuisine is a delicious reflection of its fascinating history and diverse environment. The flavors are bold, the ingredients are fresh, and the experience is one you won’t soon forget.
The culinary heart of Cusco beats with the rhythm of its past. The Inca civilization, Spanish colonization, and the unique geography of the Andes have all contributed to the region’s distinct flavors.
The key ingredients define the delicious food in Cusco Peru:
- Potatoes: Cusco boasts an incredible variety of potatoes, more than any other place in the world! Each type offers a different texture and flavor, and they are used in countless dishes. From the common yellow potato to the unusual black potato, they are a must-try during your culinary journey.
- Corn (choclo): The giant-kernelled corn, known as choclo, is a staple throughout the region. It’s often served with cheese and is a delicious and satisfying snack.
- Quinoa: This ancient grain is incredibly nutritious and a cornerstone of Andean diets. It’s used in soups, stews, and even desserts.
- Llama and Alpaca Meat: These lean and flavorful meats are a common sight on Cusco menus. Alpaca, in particular, is known for its tender texture and delicate flavor.
- Aji Amarillo (Yellow Chili Pepper): This vibrant yellow chili pepper is a staple in Peruvian cooking, lending a fruity, slightly spicy flavor to many dishes.
- Herbs and Spices: The Andes are rich in herbs and spices, adding depth and complexity to the flavors. Think fresh mint, cilantro, oregano, and a variety of other aromatic additions.
Dining Experiences
Cusco offers a wide range of dining experiences, from humble street food stalls to upscale restaurants.
- Fine dining restaurants: Many restaurants showcase modern interpretations of traditional dishes, employing top chefs and using high-quality ingredients. These establishments offer a sophisticated and memorable dining experience.
- Traditional “picanterías” (local eateries): Picanterías are the heart and soul of Cusquenian cuisine. These family-run restaurants offer authentic, home-style cooking at affordable prices. They are often the best place to experience true local flavors.
- Street food vendors: The streets of Cusco are alive with the aromas of delicious food. Street food vendors offer a quick and easy way to sample local specialties. They’re ideal for grabbing a snack or a quick meal on the go.
- Modern cafes and bistros: Cusco also has a growing number of modern cafes and bistros that offer a more contemporary dining experience. These establishments often serve international cuisine alongside Peruvian dishes.
Must-Try Dishes in Cusco
Classic Andean Dishes
These dishes represent the heart of Cusquenian cuisine, passed down through generations and filled with rich flavors.
Cuy al Horno (Roasted Guinea Pig)
This dish is perhaps the most iconic of Cusquenian cuisine. Cuy, or guinea pig, is a traditional food source in the Andes and is often roasted whole. The meat is flavorful, and the experience is a true cultural immersion. It’s an important dish to try to taste the best food in Cusco Peru. It is often served with potatoes and a variety of sauces. Finding cuy al horno is easy in the right places; look for picanterias or restaurants specializing in traditional fare.
Lomo Saltado (Stir-fried Beef)
While often considered a Peruvian dish in general, Lomo Saltado is a favorite in Cusco. This dish reflects the Chinese-Peruvian influence, featuring tender strips of beef stir-fried with onions, tomatoes, aji amarillo, and served with rice and french fries. The combination of flavors is fantastic. It’s a classic dish found at almost any restaurant.
Aji de Gallina (Chicken Stew)
Aji de Gallina is a creamy, comforting chicken stew, a must try for anyone who loves Peruvian food. Shredded chicken is simmered in a rich sauce made from aji amarillo, bread, milk, and sometimes walnuts. It’s typically served with potatoes, rice, and a hard-boiled egg. The rich and creamy texture is pure comfort food.
Pachamanca (Earth Oven Feast)
Pachamanca is a unique and traditional cooking method where meats (typically lamb, chicken, and sometimes guinea pig) and vegetables are cooked underground in a hot-stone oven. The food is wrapped in leaves and slow-cooked, absorbing the earthy flavors. This dish requires advance booking, as it takes time and proper preparations.
Rocoto Relleno (Stuffed Peppers)
This dish features rocoto peppers, a type of chili pepper, stuffed with a savory mixture of ground meat, onions, cheese, and spices. The peppers are then baked until tender and flavorful. This dish provides a perfect balance of heat and savoriness, making it a popular choice.
Local Specialties and Snacks
Beyond the classics, Cusco boasts a variety of local specialties and snacks that will delight your taste buds.
Chicha de Jora (Fermented Corn Drink)
Chicha de Jora is a traditional fermented corn drink that’s been consumed in the Andes for centuries. The brewing process varies, but the result is a slightly sweet, slightly sour beverage. It’s a great way to experience a slice of Andean history. Look for it at local markets and picanterías.
Mate de Coca (Coca Tea)
Mate de Coca is a tea made from coca leaves. Coca leaves are known for their properties in helping with altitude sickness. This tea is a staple in Cusco, and drinking it is a great way to acclimatize. You’ll find it readily available in hotels, restaurants, and shops.
Empanadas (Savory Pastries)
Empanadas are a perfect snack, available on nearly every corner. These savory pastries are filled with a variety of ingredients, from beef and chicken to cheese and vegetables. Look for vendors offering freshly baked empanadas for a warm, delicious treat.
Tamales (Corn Husk Bundles)
Tamales are a delicious and filling snack made from masa (corn dough) steamed in a corn husk. They can be filled with various ingredients, such as pork, chicken, or vegetables. These savory bundles are a satisfying and authentic experience.
Chupe de Quinua (Quinoa Soup)
This hearty and nutritious soup is a Cusquenian specialty. Made with quinoa, vegetables, cheese, and often chicken or beef, it’s a warming and flavorful meal perfect for the cooler mountain climate.
Modern & Fusion Cuisine
Cusco’s culinary scene is constantly evolving. Some restaurants beautifully blend traditional flavors with modern techniques, offering a unique gastronomic experience. These are the places to go if you’re looking for something fresh and new, while keeping true to the tastes of Cusco.
Restaurant Recommendations
Fine Dining Restaurants
- Mil Centro: A restaurant by the renowned chef Virgilio Martínez, this restaurant offers a fine dining experience, highlighting unique Andean ingredients. It’s a special occasion type of place.
- Cicciolina: This restaurant provides creative interpretations of Peruvian and international cuisine in a beautiful setting. It’s often considered a great restaurant with a relaxed atmosphere and great service.
Picanterías (Traditional Eateries)
- Picantería La Chomba: A great place for a genuine picanteria experience. Serving traditional Cusquenian dishes in a rustic setting.
- El Huacatay: Another fantastic option for sampling authentic local fare. Known for its friendly atmosphere and hearty portions.
Street Food and Market Experiences
- San Pedro Market: This bustling market is a haven for food lovers. From fresh fruit juices to local snacks and complete meals, it offers an incredible variety of food at affordable prices.
Tips for Dining in Cusco
Altitude Sickness Precautions
Cusco is at a high altitude, so take precautions. Drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol on your first day, and consider drinking coca tea. Take your time, and don’t overexert yourself.
Budgeting for Food
Food costs in Cusco can vary widely. Street food and local eateries offer great value for money. Set a budget that works for your travel style.
Tipping Etiquette
Tipping is customary in restaurants. A tip of approximately ten percent is generally appreciated for good service.
Language Barriers
While many people in the tourism industry speak English, it’s always helpful to learn some basic Spanish phrases. Using a translation app can be useful.
